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Cartography
Cartography is the scientific and technical discipline of creating, analysing, and interpreting maps. It involves the transformation of geospatial data into clear, accurate, and visually comprehensible representations of physical, political, […]
Read moreControl point surveying
Control point surveying is a geodetic technique used to establish fixed, accurately known reference points in physical terrain. These control points form the spatial framework for all subsequent measurements, mapping […]
Read moreCoordinate
A coordinate is a numerical value or set of values that defines the location of a point within a coordinate system. Coordinates express the point’s distance and direction relative to […]
Read moreCoordinate Surveying
Coordinate surveying refers to the measurement process used to determine the precise spatial positions of points within a defined coordinate system, such as geographic coordinates (latitude, longitude) or projected systems […]
Read moreCoordinate Transformation
Coordinate transformation refers to the mathematical process of converting spatial data from one coordinate system or reference frame to another. This is essential when integrating datasets collected using different geodetic […]
Read moreDigital Elevation Model (DEM)
A Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is a digital 3D representation of the Earth’s surface topography, showing elevation data in a gridded or raster format. Each cell in the model contains […]
Read moreDigital Thread
A Digital Thread is a data-driven framework that connects information generated across the entire lifecycle of a physical asset, from design and manufacturing to operation, maintenance, and decommissioning. It enables […]
Read moreGeographic Information System (GIS)
A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a system designed to collect, store, manage, analyze, and present data that includes location-based information. It links spatial data, such as coordinates or addresses, […]
Read moreGeoreferencing
Georeferencing is the process of assigning real-world geographic coordinates to spatial data such as maps, aerial images, point clouds, or 3D models. This enables the alignment of the data within […]
Read moreGIS (Geographic Information System)
A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a specialised information system designed for capturing, storing, managing, analysing, and visualising geospatial data. It integrates location-based information with various data types to support […]
Read moreGNSS, Global Navigation Satellite System
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a collective term for satellite-based systems that provide accurate positioning and timing data worldwide. The best-known GNSS systems include the United States’ GPS, Russia’s […]
Read moreGPS (Global Positioning System)
GPS is a global satellite navigation system that enables accurate location determination anywhere on Earth. It is used for navigation, positioning, and measurement applications across industries such as construction, logistics, […]
Read morePhotogrammetry, aerial photography
Photogrammetry is a measurement and visual reconstruction technique that uses overlapping photographic images to derive accurate three-dimensional information about objects, environments, or terrains. It enables the creation of detailed 3D […]
Read morePlant Coordinate System
A plant coordinate system is a spatial reference framework tailored to the specific needs of a facility or industrial environment. It defines three-dimensional positions within the plant, enabling consistent and […]
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