Visual Appearance Accuracy (Visual Fidelity)

Visual appearance accuracy describes a digital model’s ability to realistically and precisely represent the visual and geometric features of a physical object. It determines how accurately the modeled surface corresponds to reality in terms of textures, colors, edge sharpness, lighting, and view-dependent effects.

This accuracy can be assessed using both objective metrics (e.g., PSNR, SSIM, LPIPS, ΔE for color difference) and subjective evaluations (e.g., Mean Opinion Score, MOS). It can be improved by using high-resolution reference data and volumetric, view-adaptive rendering. Accuracy is critical in industrial applications where a digital twin must correspond closely to real-world conditions to support maintenance, planning, or simulations.

Overall model quality can be expressed using a weighted index that incorporates both geometric and visual fidelity.

See also: Point Cloud