Area model

An area model is a digital, three-dimensional representation of a geographically defined space, including terrain, vegetation, buildings, roads, utilities, and other physical and man-made features. It serves as a visual and analytical tool for understanding the spatial layout and characteristics of an environment.

Area models are widely used in urban planning, infrastructure development, environmental assessment, and even entertainment and simulation industries such as gaming and virtual tourism. They enable professionals to simulate scenarios, assess spatial relationships, and support decision-making with a realistic and data-rich depiction of the area.

The creation of an area model, also referred to as site modelling or environment modelling, involves the integration of multiple geospatial data sources. These may include photogrammetrically processed aerial imagery, satellite data, laser scanning (LiDAR), GNSS data, and topographic maps. The resulting model can be used for both visualisation and analysis in GIS platforms, CAD tools, or digital twin systems.

See also: 3D modelling, Point cloud, Photogrammetry