JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight, text-based format for structuring and exchanging data. Designed to be easy for humans to read and write, and easy for machines to parse and generate, JSON is widely used in web development, APIs, databases, and software integrations.
JSON represents data using a key–value pair structure. The keys are strings, and values can be strings, numbers, booleans, arrays, or other nested JSON objects. This hierarchical structure allows JSON to model complex data while remaining readable and compact.
JSON is language-independent but built on conventions familiar to programmers from JavaScript and other C-style languages. It is natively supported in most modern programming environments, which makes it ideal for:
- Data transfer between web clients and servers (e.g., RESTful APIs)
- Configuration files for software applications
- Database queries and NoSQL document storage (e.g., MongoDB)
Advantages
- More concise and simpler syntax compared to XML
- Readable by both machines and humans
- Easily parsed and serialised in most programming languages
- Supports nested data structures and arrays
Applications
- Exchanging data between frontend applications and backend services
- Storing configuration settings in files
- Representing structured documents in cloud-based data platforms
- Integrating systems via lightweight RESTful APIs
Due to its simplicity, flexibility and broad adoption, JSON has become the de facto standard for structured data interchange on the web.
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